Passive Voice — страдательный залог
Что такое Passive Voice и как он образуется
Passive Voice — страдательный залог. Он используется, когда действие важнее того, кто его совершает. Мы не знаем или не хотим говорить, кто именно выполняет действие.
Образование пассивного залога: глагол to be в нужном времени + третья форма смыслового глагола (V3 / Past Participle).
Примеры: The letter was sent yesterday (Past Simple Passive). The house is being painted now (Present Continuous Passive). The project will be completed by June (Future Perfect Passive).
Пассивный залог не используется во временах Perfect Continuous (Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Perfect Continuous). Вместо них используются обычные формы Perfect.
Сравните: Active — They built the house in 1990. Passive — The house was built in 1990.
Пассивный залог часто используется в новостях, инструкциях и официальных документах.
Таблица страдательного залога
Формы пассивного залога во всех временах: утверждения, отрицания и вопросы
| Группа | Время | Утверждение | Отрицание | Вопрос |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present | Present Simple | It is done | It is not done | Is it done? |
| Present Continuous | It is being done | It is not being done | Is it being done? | |
| Present Perfect | It has been done | It has not been done | Has it been done? | |
| Present Perfect Continuous | — | — | — | |
| Past | Past Simple | It was done | It was not done | Was it done? |
| Past Continuous | It was being done | It was not being done | Was it being done? | |
| Past Perfect | It had been done | It had not been done | Had it been done? | |
| Past Perfect Continuous | — | — | — | |
| Future | Future Simple | It will be done | It will not be done | Will it be done? |
| Future Continuous | — | — | — | |
| Future Perfect | It will have been done | It will not have been done | Will it have been done? | |
| Future Perfect Continuous | — | — | — |
Тренажёр Passive Voice
9 упражнений для тренировки пассивного залога.